typist and bookkeeper. He was arrested by the Soviets after World War II for having belonged to the Levente youth movement and sentenced by a Soviet military court in 1946 to 10 years' forced labour and perpetual exile. He served his sentence in 16 labour camps, in one of which, in Kazakhstan, he was with Solzhenitsyn. He was freed under an amnesty in 1953, after Stalin's death, and returned to Hungary. He described his experiences in an autobiographical novel entitled Bitter Youth, for which he was harassed several times in the 1970s by the Hungarian and Soviet authorities. He lives in Nagykanizsa and has been a disability pensioner since 1983.